General-Purpose AI Model

A model that is not developed for a specific narrowly defined purpose but can be adapted, fine-tuned or used for a wide range of tasks and applications. The Act imposes additional transparency, robustness and governance duties on providers of such models, and allows designation of certain general-purpose models as posing systemic risk with enhanced obligations.

Models designed to perform or be adapted for a wide range of tasks (often foundation or large models); the Act treats these as a distinct category, imposing obligations on providers including model-level risk assessments, evaluations, disclosure obligations and measures to mitigate systemic and cross‑border risks.

An AI model intended or used to perform a broad spectrum of tasks and outputs across different contexts rather than being developed for a specific narrowly defined purpose; the Act treats such models as subject to specific obligations (transparency, documentation, safety assessments) and possible systemic-risk classification when their scale or capabilities create wide societal impacts.

A model characterized by significant generality and broad downstream applications rather than a narrowly scoped task-specific model; the Act imposes tailored obligations and timelines for providers/operators of such models due to their systemic potential and cross-sectoral impact.

Large-scale models intended to be adaptable to diverse tasks rather than narrowly engineered for a single specific use; in the transposition context these models are treated with tailored obligations where their broad capabilities may create systemic risks, requiring transparency, risk management and possibly additional conformity measures.

Models designed or marketed to perform a wide range of tasks and to be adapted for many downstream applications; the Regulation imposes bespoke obligations on providers of these models (documentation, transparency, cybersecurity, and transitional compliance timelines) given their broad applicability and systemic risk potential.

A model trained with compute exceeding 10^23 floating point operations and capable of generating language (text or audio), text-to-image or text-to-video; used by the Guidelines to operationalise which systems fall within the GPAI obligations of the AI Act.

An AI model trained or designed to perform a broad spectrum of tasks rather than a single narrowly defined purpose; the Bill adopts the EU definition to determine when additional transparency, testing, conformity or disclosure obligations apply to such models.

Models designed to perform a wide range of tasks across different applications (including foundation models); the Regulation imposes specific obligations on providers of general-purpose models, such as furnishing technical documentation, providing transparency information to downstream users, and complying with monitoring and systemic-risk requirements where designated.

An AI model intentionally designed to perform a broad set of tasks and adaptable across contexts rather than being limited to a specific narrowly defined function; under the Act (GPAI) such models and their providers are subject to tailored Chapter V obligations to identify and mitigate systemic risks, provide technical documentation, and cooperate with the European AI Office.

A model that is not tailored to a specific applied task but is capable of performing a wide range of tasks and outputs across different contexts; the Act distinguishes these models to impose specific transparency, governance and provider obligations for foundational/general-purpose models.

A system or model designed to perform a wide range of tasks across different contexts (adaptable for many uses); when it poses systemic risks it is subject to specific transparency, reporting, evaluation and cooperation obligations under the Act.