Model owner
Entity that owns or controls an AI model's rights and deployment.
How the laws define this
Regulatory frameworks uniformly identify the model owner as the central natural or legal person responsible for governing an AI model and ensuring compliance with documentation and policy requirements. However, the instruments diverge on whether ownership stems from operational control, legal status, or deployment activities. The National Artificial Intelligence Policy 2024 (Draft) bases the role on controlling development or deployment decisions while explicitly keeping owners distinct from operators or deployers. In contrast, the Generative AI Guidelines for the Public (SDAIA) focuses heavily on active deployment oversight, configuration, risk assessments, and vendor coordination. Taking a legal perspective, the Rancangan Peraturan Presiden tentang Kecerdasan Buatan (Draft Presidential Regulation on Artificial Intelligence) directly connects model ownership to holding intellectual property rights or primary accountability, tying the role to mandatory procedural burdens such as formal registration, conformity assessment, and remediation obligations.
Synthesised from the 3 statutory definitions below. Each one is quoted in full, with its source.
How jurisdictions differ
What is distinctive in each definition, binding law in force first. Showing 2 of the 3 instruments that define this term; all are listed under Definitions below.
| Jurisdiction | Instrument | Status | What is distinctive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesia | Draft Presidential Regulation on Artificial Intelligence | Draft | Includes intellectual property rights and explicitly assigns responsibilities for documentation, registration, conformity assessment, and remediation obligations. |
| Bangladesh | National Artificial Intelligence Policy 2024 (Draft) | Draft | Explicitly distinguishes model owner from operators or deployers, while assigning duties for documentation, provenance, and policy compliance. |
What it triggers
- Indonesia's Draft Presidential Regulation on Artificial Intelligence mentions safety tests in its governance framework.source
Definitions (3)
The person or organization that owns, maintains, or controls an AI model's development or deployment decisions and bears responsibilities for documentation, provenance, and compliance with policy requirements, distinct from operators or deployers.
The entity responsible for controlling an AI model’s deployment, configuration, and updates, accountable for lifecycle governance, risk assessments, documentation (e.g., model cards), and compliance with applicable policies and laws. Model owners are expected to implement controls and coordinate with oversight bodies and vendors.
The natural or legal person who holds ownership, intellectual property rights or primary accountability for an AI model, responsible for ensuring compliance with documentation, registration, conformity assessment and remediation obligations defined under the Perpres.
Not to be confused with
Owner emphasizes control, deployment, or operation of the AI system, whereas model owner specifies control over model deployment, configuration, and updates.
Model owner encompasses development and deployment responsibilities, while model developer focuses on creation or fine-tuning.
Questions and answers
Who is responsible for AI model compliance under Indonesian draft regulation?
The model owner holds ownership, IP rights, or primary accountability. They ensure compliance with documentation, registration, conformity assessment, and remediation obligations.
How does Bangladesh draft policy distinguish model owner from operator?
The model owner owns, maintains, or controls development or deployment decisions. They handle documentation, provenance, and compliance, distinct from operators or deployers.
What obligations fall on model owners in these draft instruments?
In Indonesia draft, model owners handle documentation, registration, conformity assessment, and remediation. In Bangladesh draft, they manage documentation, provenance, and policy compliance.
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