Automated Decision System

A system that makes or assists in making decisions that produce legal or similarly significant effects on individuals; includes algorithmic or statistical models used to reach, recommend, or automate determinations affecting rights or entitlements. The annex frames this concept for mapping, documentation and transparency obligations within public-sector AI use.

Any technology used to make or support administrative decisions, including rule-based systems, machine learning, natural language processing and generative AI; the term covers systems used by federal institutions to make or inform decisions that affect individuals or entities.

A system that produces predictions, recommendations or decisions using automated processes, including algorithms and models; the CPPA attaches transparency and explanation obligations, record‑keeping and risk considerations to such systems, and the bill includes targeted definitions for higher‑impact automated systems in the AI Act portion of the package.

Any system, software, or process—excluding passive infrastructure—whose computational result serves as the basis for decisions; encompasses models, algorithms, and automated workflows used to inform or make decisions that affect individuals or processes.

Any computation-based system (including models, algorithms, or pipelines) used as a basis for a decision, excluding passive infrastructure; it processes data to produce outputs that inform or determine decisions affecting consumers. The Act uses this term to describe the technical objects subject to assessment and reporting obligations.

Any machine-based system or application used to make, inform, or materially support a critical decision within the operations of state agencies.

An automated decision system is an algorithm, potentially incorporating machine learning or other artificial intelligence techniques, that uses data-based analytics to make or support governmental decisions, judgments, or conclusions. These systems are crucial for streamlining administrative processes but require careful oversight to ensure fairness.

An 'automated decision system' is defined as any computational process that produces a score, classification, or recommendation intended to influence or replace a human decision.