Poland AI Policy 2030

Overview

The draft resolution of the Council of Ministers would establish the Polityka rozwoju sztucznej inteligencji w Polsce do 2030 roku as a national strategic policy document. It relies on Article 21f of the Act of 6 December 2006 on the principles of conducting development policy. The draft resolution provides that the policy will form an annex to the resolution and that Resolution No. 196 of the Council of Ministers of 28 December 2020, which established the earlier policy for AI development from 2020, will cease to have effect. The proposed resolution would enter into force on the day following its publication, but it has not yet been adopted.

The policy presents AI as a cross-sector economic, social and public-administration priority. Its stated vision is for Poland to be among the leaders of the European “AI Continent” through a coordinated, trustworthy AI ecosystem that supports economic development and social wellbeing. It is a policy instrument rather than a directly applicable set of binding obligations for private organisations. Nevertheless, it identifies intended state actions, responsible public bodies, output and outcome indicators, planned funding streams and deadlines that may shape future programmes, procurement, technical guidance and implementing legislation.

Definitions

The policy does not create a standalone statutory definition of “artificial intelligence” or replace definitions in directly applicable EU law. It uses AI broadly to cover systems and models, including general-purpose AI models, large language models, machine-learning tools, decision-support systems, chatbots, process automation and AI systems deployed in public services and critical infrastructure. The policy’s legal and regulatory references should therefore be read alongside Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, the EU AI Act, where applicable.

Several operational concepts are central to the policy. “AI Factories” are specialised supercomputing centres combining computing resources, data and expert support. “PLLuM” denotes the Polish Large Language Model family; “Bielik” is identified as an open-source Polish and European language-model initiative. “AI HUB Poland” is the planned central platform for public-sector AI implementation. Regulatory sandboxes are controlled physical, digital or hybrid testing environments for innovative AI systems. The policy also uses “AI-first” to describe considering AI as a potential solution when strategic or policy decisions and new public digital services are designed, while maintaining human oversight and legal compliance.

Governance and Institutional Framework

The minister responsible for computerisation is designated as the body responsible for coordinating implementation, under the supervision of the Committee for Digitisation (Komitet do spraw Cyfryzacji). The coordinating minister is expected to carry out a substantial part of the policy’s work, particularly on ecosystem-building, public-administration AI, AI HUB Poland and public awareness of trustworthy AI. Individual ministries, public authorities and other bodies named in the policy’s indicator tables are responsible for actions within their respective competences.

The governance model is expressly cross-governmental. Actions may be delivered through portfolios of programmes and projects, individual programmes, projects, legal instruments, technical rules and existing operational processes. The policy also provides for a Monitoring Committee involving ecosystem representatives and non-governmental organisations in an advisory role to the Ministry of Digital Affairs. For projects within the competence of the minister responsible for computerisation, monitoring is to be conducted by the Ministry’s Portfolio Council and the Committee for Digitisation. For other ministries’ projects, the Committee for Digitisation is to conduct monitoring.

Key Focus Areas

The policy is structured around five strategic objectives. First, it seeks a coordinated ecosystem supported by infrastructure, data, financing and cooperation among science, business, public administration and society. Major measures include AI Factories in Poznań and Kraków, PLGrid expansion, a potential Baltic AI Gigafactory, government cloud development, AI computing vouchers, open data and domestic models. By 2030, the policy targets, among other measures, 40 exaflops of AI computing capacity available through PLGrid and 80% use of its technological resources for innovative AI solutions.

Second, the policy seeks broader AI competence, research capacity and talent retention. Third, it promotes public-sector AI adoption, including a virtual assistant in mObywatel, AI-supported public services, public-sector training and AI HUB Poland. Fourth, it supports AI deployment in business, particularly SMEs, startups and the energy, e-commerce, dual-use products, cybersecurity, BioMedTech, financial-services, transport, freight and logistics sectors. Fifth, it frames trustworthy AI around human rights, privacy, security, consumer protection, copyright, accessibility, anti-discrimination concerns and public trust.

Implementation Framework

Within three months of adoption, the Ministry of Digital Affairs, working with entities responsible for ongoing and planned actions, must prepare an implementation schedule designed to enable achievement of the policy objectives. The policy anticipates delivery through programmes, projects, legislation, technical provisions, public procurement approaches, training, grants, pilot deployments, sectoral maps and financial mechanisms. It also envisages sectoral AI implementation maps for priority sectors, covering sector needs, high-value business uses, data-sharing arrangements, links between large firms and SMEs, and support instruments.

Public-sector implementation includes a mechanism for coordinating and financing AI projects, a public AI platform for deploying language models and process automation, training for public officials, and procurement and deployment guidance. The policy proposes a publicly accessible list of AI systems used in public administration, with their functions and basic technical parameters. For critical infrastructure operators, it calls for AI audits, incident-management procedures, documentation, cooperation with providers and supervisory authorities, and attention to AI Act compliance for high-risk systems. It also promotes adaptation of ISO/IEC 27090 for AI-system security and ISO/IEC 42001 for AI management systems in public administration.

Monitoring and Evaluation

The minister responsible for computerisation is to monitor implementation once each year. Monitoring covers progress of planned measures under each objective and intervention direction, as well as progress against the performance indicators listed in the policy. The monitoring results must be submitted to the Committee for Digitisation as a report and published on the Ministry of Digital Affairs website by the end of March each year. The annual report is to include descriptions of actions taken, assessment of implementation progress, identified implementation problems and recommendations for Committee members for the following period.

In addition, the responsible minister must submit a signal report by the end of October each year addressing the most important changes in monitored indicators. The policy calls for annual review and updating because of the pace of technological development and uncertainty about longer-term technical trajectories. An evaluation report is to be submitted to the Council of Ministers within two months after completion of the evaluation. The policy also treats improved international positioning as an outcome indicator, aiming for Poland to reach positions 10–20 by 2030 in the Tortoise Global AI Index, Government AI Readiness Index and Stanford HAI Global AI Vibrancy Tool.

Penalties, Liability, and Appeals

The draft policy does not establish administrative fines, criminal offences, civil liability rules, appeal rights or a direct private enforcement mechanism. It is a strategic government policy and not a statute or implementing regulation imposing independently enforceable sanctions on AI providers, deployers, public bodies or individuals. Its references to audits, documentation, incident management, transparency, privacy and security identify planned policy measures and areas of regulatory compliance rather than new penalties created by the draft itself.

Enforcement and liability consequences for AI systems remain governed by applicable Polish and EU law, including the EU AI Act, data-protection law, consumer-protection law, cybersecurity requirements, copyright law and sector-specific rules. The policy anticipates a domestic supervision system involving the President of the Personal Data Protection Office (PUODO) and KRIBSI in relation to lawful and secure personal-data processing for AI. It also identifies the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK) as relevant to monitoring AI’s effects on competition and consumer rights. The policy does not specify a final institutional design for appeals against supervisory decisions.

Relationship to Other Instruments

If adopted, the resolution would expressly repeal Council of Ministers Resolution No. 196 of 28 December 2020 on the policy for AI development in Poland from 2020. The draft positions itself as an updated strategic response to technological and regulatory developments since the earlier policy. It states that it is consistent with the Strategy for the Digitalisation of the State to 2035, the Digital Decade policy programme to 2030 and the draft Strategy for Poland’s Development to 2035. It also refers to sectoral strategies concerning productivity, defence, e-health, education and science.

The policy repeatedly identifies Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, the EU AI Act, as the core regulatory reference point. It calls for national arrangements that enable innovation while protecting citizens and consumers, and expressly refers to AI Act requirements concerning high-risk systems, prohibited practices and regulatory sandboxes. It also confirms the concurrent application of the AI Act and the General Data Protection Regulation, noting that AI systems processing personal data must be assessed for compliance with principles including lawfulness, transparency, purpose limitation, data minimisation, accuracy and data-subject rights.

International Alignment

The policy is aligned with the 2019 OECD AI Principles, including inclusive and sustainable growth, human rights and democratic values, fairness, privacy, transparency, explainability, robustness, safety and accountability. It also links Poland’s approach to the European Commission’s AI Continent strategy, Apply AI Strategy and AI in Science initiatives. The document supports an AI-first approach for strategic and public-service design, subject to human oversight and compliance with applicable law.

Poland is expected to participate actively in international regulatory, technical and diplomatic processes involving the EU, OECD, United Nations, UNESCO, ITU, Council of Europe, WIPO, NATO and EIT. The policy identifies participation in European Digital Infrastructure Consortium initiatives, including ALT-EDIC and DC-EDIC, and in the LUMI supercomputing consortium as relevant. It also supports Polish participation in EU AI Factories, Gigafactories, European Digital Innovation Hubs, testing and experimentation facilities, regulatory sandboxes and international exercises addressing AI-related crises affecting public services and critical infrastructure.

Implementation Timeline

Compliance Checklist

Sources and References