Overview
The landscape of state-level artificial intelligence regulation in the United States is characterized by rapid development and diverse approaches. With analyses covering all 50 states plus Puerto Rico and encompassing 194 tracked regulations, it's clear that states are proactively addressing the opportunities and challenges presented by AI. This legislative activity reflects a shared commitment to fostering innovation while simultaneously safeguarding citizens from potential harms such as algorithmic bias, misinformation, privacy infringements, and deceptive practices.
States are navigating the complexities of AI governance by enacting a range of measures, from comprehensive frameworks to targeted legislation. A prominent focus is on immediate concerns like deepfakes in elections and the responsible use of AI in employment, healthcare, and insurance. Many jurisdictions are also establishing foundational definitions, creating oversight bodies, and exploring broader ethical guidelines for AI deployment across both public and private sectors.
Regulatory Approach
States exhibit a varied yet often converging approach to AI regulation. Some, like California and Utah, have adopted more comprehensive frameworks, aiming to establish broad statutes that cover multiple aspects of AI governance, including transparency, safety, and consumer protection. These states often create dedicated offices or advisory councils to guide policy development and oversee implementation.
Conversely, many states have opted for a more targeted approach, focusing on specific, high-risk applications of AI. This includes urgent responses to deepfakes in elections, prohibitions on AI as the sole decision-maker in healthcare, and regulations concerning AI in employment to prevent discrimination. A common strategy involves a "study-first" approach, where states establish task forces or workgroups to examine AI's implications before enacting broader mandates, indicating an adaptive and iterative legislative process.
Key State Legislation
- Deepfakes and Election Integrity: Many states, including Alabama (HB 172), Arizona (SB 1359), California (AB 2355), Florida (HB 919), Michigan (HB 5144), Minnesota (HF 4772), Mississippi (SB 2577), Montana (SB 25), Nevada (AB 73), New Hampshire (HB 1596), New Mexico (HB 182), New York (FY2025 Budget), North Dakota (HB 1167), Oregon (SB 1571), Rhode Island (S816), South Dakota (HB 1074), Tennessee (HB 1513), Texas (SB 751), Washington (SB 5152), and Wisconsin (Act 123), have enacted laws requiring disclosures for AI-generated content in political advertising, often with specific temporal restrictions before elections and penalties for non-compliance.
- Employment AI / Automated Hiring: Illinois (HB 3773, Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act) and New York City (Local Law 144) lead in regulating AI in employment, mandating notice, consent, impact assessments, and independent bias audits for automated employment decision tools. Connecticut (SB 5) also includes employer responsibilities for automated employment-related decision technology.
- Insurance and Financial AI: Colorado (SB 21-169) prohibits unfair discrimination in insurance based on AI use. Arizona (HB 2175), Georgia (SB 444), Utah (SB 319), and Washington (SB 5395) prohibit AI from being the sole basis for medical necessity claim denials or adverse coverage determinations in healthcare insurance, requiring human review. Vermont (Act 89) provides guidance to insurers on AI use, emphasizing fairness and risk management.
- Consumer Protection and Generative AI: Utah (SB 149) is a pioneer in regulating private-sector generative AI, requiring clear disclosures and prohibiting deceptive use. Maine (An Act to Ensure Transparency) mandates disclosure for AI chatbots. Ohio (SB 217) expands identity fraud to include AI-generated personas.
- AI in Mental Health Services: Maine (An Act to Regulate the Use of AI), Colorado (HB 26-1195), Missouri (SB 1019), Nebraska (LB 525), Tennessee (SB 1580), Utah (HB 452), Vermont (H.816), and Washington (HB 2225) regulate AI in mental health, often prohibiting AI from acting as a sole therapist, requiring human oversight, informed consent, and protocols for self-harm/suicidal ideation.
- Public Sector AI Governance: Arkansas (HB 1958), California (Executive Order N-5-26, AB 2885), Connecticut (SB 1103), Georgia (State AI Governance and Use Guidance), North Carolina (Executive Order No. 24), Puerto Rico (SB 68 - proposed), and Utah (SB 149) are establishing frameworks for responsible AI deployment within state government operations, including inventories, impact assessments, and ethical guidelines.
- Child Safety and AI-Generated Harmful Content: California (AB 1831, SB 243, AB 2273), Idaho (HB 727, S 1297), Mississippi (Walker Montgomery Protecting Children Online Act), Utah (HB 289), and Washington (SB 5105, HB 2225) address AI-generated child sexual abuse material (CSAM), regulate AI companion chatbots for minors, and mandate age-appropriate design for online services.
- Legal Personhood and Liability: Ohio (HB 469) and Tennessee (SB 837) explicitly deny legal personhood to AI systems. Arkansas (HB 1876) establishes ownership standards for AI-generated content. Tennessee (ELVIS Act) expands personality rights to include voice, addressing AI-generated voice clones.
Enforcement Bodies
Enforcement of state-level AI legislation typically leverages existing legal and administrative structures, with state Attorneys General playing a central role. The Attorney General's office is frequently designated as the primary enforcement authority for consumer protection, anti-discrimination, and deepfake regulations across states like California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Texas, Virginia, and Washington. This centralization aims to ensure consistent interpretation and application of AI laws.
Beyond the Attorney General, specialized state departments and commissions are often tasked with oversight within their specific domains. Examples include the Colorado Commissioner of Insurance for AI in insurance, the California Fair Political Practices Commission for AI in political advertising, and the New York Department of Financial Services for AI frontier models. Education departments in states like Ohio and Utah are developing model policies for AI use in schools, while ethics commissions and public disclosure commissions (e.g., Wisconsin, Washington) oversee deepfake regulations in elections. This multi-pronged approach ensures that AI regulations are enforced by bodies with relevant expertise.
Penalties & Enforcement
States employ a diverse range of penalties and enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance with AI legislation. Civil penalties are common, often with specific monetary fines, such as California's SB 942 imposing $5,000 per violation or SB 53 allowing up to $1 million per violation for frontier AI. Injunctive relief is frequently available, enabling courts to halt harmful activities, particularly for deepfakes in elections (e.g., Alabama, Arizona, Idaho, Indiana, Rhode Island). Monetary damages can also be sought by victims for harm caused, as seen in California for digital replicas of deceased performers or in Idaho for deepfakes in elections. A private right of action, allowing individuals to sue for damages, is granted in some deepfake laws (e.g., New Hampshire, Minnesota) and consumer protection acts (e.g., Maine, Oregon for companion chatbots).
For more severe offenses, particularly involving malicious deepfakes or harmful AI training, criminal penalties are established, ranging from misdemeanors to felonies depending on intent and severity. Examples include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Tennessee for deepfake-related crimes. Administrative actions, such as disciplinary measures by licensing boards or commissions, are also used in sectors like healthcare (e.g., Colorado for psychotherapy AI). Many acts grant specific agencies rulemaking authority to clarify implementation, and some include "right to cure" provisions, allowing entities to rectify violations before full enforcement, promoting voluntary compliance.
Sector Focus Areas
State-level AI legislation demonstrates a clear focus on several critical sectors. Elections and political communications are a dominant area, with nearly every state in the analyses enacting or proposing laws to combat deepfakes and ensure transparency. These regulations typically mandate disclosures for AI-generated content, impose temporal restrictions before elections, and establish civil or criminal penalties for deceptive practices. This widespread attention underscores the perceived immediate threat of AI to democratic processes and public trust.
Another significant focus is on consumer protection, particularly in sensitive domains like employment, healthcare, and insurance. States are actively addressing algorithmic discrimination in hiring, requiring bias audits and transparency. In healthcare and insurance, regulations aim to prevent AI from being the sole decision-maker for critical determinations, mandating human oversight for denials and ensuring fair practices. The rise of AI companion chatbots has also prompted legislation to protect users, especially minors, from psychological harms, manipulative content, and to ensure crisis intervention protocols are in place.
National/Federal Alignment
State AI laws are emerging in a landscape where federal regulation is still nascent, often leading states to act as laboratories for policy development. While many states are moving independently, there are instances of alignment with or consideration of federal guidance. For example, North Carolina's State Government Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence Framework explicitly aligns with the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, indicating an effort to adopt established best practices. Ohio's proposed "Right to Compute Act" also mandates risk management policies for AI-controlled critical infrastructure aligned with NIST and international standards.
The absence of a comprehensive federal AI law has prompted states to fill the regulatory vacuum, often addressing issues that might eventually be covered at a national level. Some state bills, like Colorado's "Right to Compute Act," explicitly affirm the non-preemption of federal laws, suggesting an awareness of potential future federal involvement. California's Executive Order N-5-26, focusing on state government procurement of generative AI, also directs agencies to assess federal supply chain risk, highlighting an anticipation of federal standards impacting state operations. This dynamic interplay suggests states are both innovating and attempting to harmonize with nascent federal efforts.
Notable Provisions
Several states have introduced pioneering or unique provisions in their AI legislation. Utah's Artificial Intelligence Policy Act (SB 149) stands out as the first U.S. state law specifically regulating private-sector use of generative AI, establishing baseline consumer protections including disclosure requirements. Vermont H.814 is groundbreaking for establishing comprehensive "neurological rights," protecting mental and neural data privacy and mandating informed consent for brain-computer interfaces. Tennessee SB 1493 proposes to criminalize the knowing training of AI for harmful purposes (e.g., self-harm, criminal acts), a significant step in targeting upstream AI development.
Ohio HB 469 and Tennessee SB 837 are notable for explicitly denying legal personhood to AI systems, proactively clarifying legal status and ensuring human accountability. Tennessee's ELVIS Act expands personality rights to explicitly include an individual's voice, directly addressing AI-generated deepfakes and voice clones. Utah HB 276, the Digital Voyeurism Prevention Act, not only criminalizes deepfakes but uniquely requires capture device manufacturers to include latent disclosures in all captured content. Illinois's Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act (SB 315) is poised to be the first state to mandate independent third-party audits of frontier AI safety protocols for large developers, setting a high bar for advanced AI governance.
Future Developments
The landscape of state-level AI legislation is highly dynamic, with numerous bills currently under review or awaiting entry, indicating continuous evolution. Many states have established study committees, task forces, or advisory councils (e.g., Maryland, Oregon, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Georgia) that are actively researching AI's impacts and formulating recommendations for future policy. These bodies often produce annual reports, which are expected to inform subsequent legislative sessions and lead to new or amended regulations.
Upcoming changes are anticipated in areas such as comprehensive AI governance frameworks (e.g., New York's RAISE Act, Puerto Rico's Government AI Act), further refinements in consumer protection for generative AI, and expanded regulations for AI in sensitive sectors. The iterative nature of this legislative process means that existing laws may be repealed and replaced, as seen with Colorado's SB 24-205 being replaced by SB 26-189, reflecting lessons learned and adapting to the rapid technological advancements. The ongoing legal challenges, such as the preliminary injunction against California AB 2839, also highlight the constitutional complexities and potential adjustments needed in regulating AI-generated content and speech.
State Regulations
All 194 state and territory AI regulations currently tracked, across 51 jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction links to its own overview page where one exists.
| Jurisdiction | Regulation | Type | Status | Year |
|---|
| Alabama | An Act, Relating to health insurance; to impose limitations on the use of artificial intelligence by health benefit plan providers in making determinations of coverage under health benefit plans; and to authorize the Department of Insurance of the State of Alabama to investigate and impose disciplinary action for violations. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Alabama HB 172 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Alaska | An Act relating to distribution of a forged digital likeness; relating to crime and criminal procedure; relating to distribution of a generated sexual depiction; relating to generated obscene child sexual abuse material; relating to teaching certificates; relating to licensing of school bus drivers; relating to civil penalties for an organization that facilitates the generation of child sexual abuse material; relating to social media and minors; and providing for an effective date. | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| Arizona | Arizona HB 2175 — Healthcare AI Insurance Claim Denial Restrictions | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2025 |
| Arizona HB 2394 - Deepfake Disclosure Requirements | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Arizona SB 1359 - Synthetic Media in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Arizona SB 1359 (2024) — Election Communications; Deepfakes; Prohibition (adds Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 16-1023; Chapter 199, Laws 2024) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Arkansas | Arkansas HB 1071 - Right of Publicity and AI | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Arkansas HB 1876 — Generative AI Content Ownership (Act 927) | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Arkansas HB 1958 — Public Entity AI Policy Requirements (Act 848) | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| California | As Trump rolls back protections, Governor Newsom signs first-of-its-kind executive order to strengthen AI protections and responsible use | Decree | In Force | 2026 |
| California Assembly Bill 2545: Report: Labor Force Impact: Artificial Intelligence | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| California Executive Order N-5-26 — Responsible Procurement and Deployment of Generative Artificial Intelligence | Decree | In Force | 2026 |
| Public employees: notice: artificial intelligence performing service within scope of work | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| California AI Transparency Act | Act | In Force (Amended) | 2025 |
| California SB 243 - Companion Chatbot Disclosure Requirements | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| California SB 53 — Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (TFAIA) | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Companion chatbots: children's safety. | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| Health care professions: deceptive terms or letters: artificial intelligence. | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Health care services: artificial intelligence. | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| California AB 1831 - AI-Generated Child Sexual Abuse Material | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 1836 - Digital Replicas of Deceased Performers | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 2013 — Generative Artificial Intelligence: Training Data Transparency | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 2355 - AI Disclosure in Political Advertising | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 2839 - Deceptive Election Content | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California AB 2885 — Artificial Intelligence: Unified Definition and State Agency Inventory | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California SB 942 — California AI Transparency Act | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| California SB 981 - Platform Obligations for Deepfake Intimate Images | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Crimes: distribution of intimate images (SB 926) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Elections: deceptive audio or visual media (California Elections Code § 20010) | Act | In Force | 2022 |
| The California Age-Appropriate Design Code Act | Act | In Force (Amended) | 2022 |
| California AB 730 - Deceptive Audio/Visual Media in Elections | Act | Repealed | 2019 |
| San Francisco Stop Secret Surveillance Ordinance | Act | In Force (Amended) | 2019 |
| California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Division 1, Chapter 1, Article 3.7 – Testing of Autonomous Vehicles; and California Public Utilities Commission Autonomous Vehicle Passenger Service Programs | Regulation | In Force | 2018 |
| Colorado | Concerning requirements for an operator of a conversational artificial intelligence service. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Concerning restrictions on the use of artificial intelligence relating to psychotherapy services. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Concerning the use of artificial intelligence in health care. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Concerning the Use of Automated Decision-Making Technology in Consequential Decisions, and, in Connection Therewith, Making an Appropriation. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Increase Transparency for Algorithmic Systems | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Colorado HB 24-1147 - Disclosure Requirements for Synthetic Media in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Colorado SB24-205 — Consumer Protections for Artificial Intelligence Act | Act | Repealed | 2024 |
| Concerning Consumer Protections in Interactions with Artificial Intelligence Systems | Act | Repealed | 2024 |
| Colorado SB 21-169 - AI in Insurance Underwriting | Act | In Force | 2021 |
| Connecticut | An Act Concerning Online Safety | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| Connecticut Artificial Intelligence Responsibility and Transparency Act | Act | Adopted | 2026 |
| An Act Concerning Artificial Intelligence (Connecticut SB 2) | Bill | Withdrawn | 2024 |
| An Act Concerning Artificial Intelligence, Automated Decision-Making and Personal Data Privacy | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Connecticut AI Impact Assessment Requirements | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Delaware | AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE 24 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS, TITLES, AND NONHUMAN ENTITIES. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Delaware HB 316 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Florida | Florida HB 919 - AI in Political Advertising | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Georgia | AN ACT To amend Chapter 46 of Title 33 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to certification of private review agents, so as to provide that certain decisions with regard to the provision of insurance coverage for healthcare services shall not be based solely on artificial intelligence systems, artificial intelligence, or other software tools; to provide for definitions; to provide for related matters; to provide for an effective date; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Georgia Conversational Artificial Intelligence Safety Act | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Georgia SR 789 — Senate Study Committee on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Creative Industries | Policy | In Force | 2026 |
| Recommendations of the Judicial Council of Georgia Ad Hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence and the Courts | Policy | Adopted | 2025 |
| FINAL REPORT OF THE SENATE STUDY COMMITTEE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (SR 476) | Policy | Adopted | 2024 |
| Georgia HB 887 - Insurance use of artificial intelligence in coverage decisions | Bill | Withdrawn | 2024 |
| Georgia State AI Governance and Use Guidance | Guideline | In Force (Amended) | 2024 |
| Hawaii | Artificial Intelligence Disclosure and Safety Act | Act | Adopted | 2026 |
| RELATING TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| Hawaii SB 2687 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Idaho | Adds to existing law to establish provisions regarding generative artificial intelligence in public education. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Amends existing law to revise a provision regarding video voyeurism and to revise a penalty for disclosing explicit synthetic media | Bill | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Idaho S 1297 - Conversational AI Safety Act | Bill | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Idaho HB 664 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Illinois | An Act concerning education. | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| An Act to amend the Illinois Antitrust Act regarding residential rental price coordination | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act | Act | Adopted | 2026 |
| Transparency in Downcoding Act | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| Wellness and Oversight for Psychological Resources Act | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Illinois HB 3773 — Amendment to Human Rights Act (AI in Employment) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Illinois Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act | Act | In Force | 2019 |
| Indiana | Payment of health claims | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Indiana House Enrolled Act 1133 - Use of Digitally Altered Media in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Use of Digitally Altered Media in Elections (Indiana Public Law 81) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Iowa | A bill for an act establishing requirements and guidelines for conversational AI services, and providing civil penalties, and including applicability provisions. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| A bill for an act relating to harassment by the dissemination, publishing, distribution, or posting of a visual depiction showing another person in a state of full or partial nudity or engaged in a sex act that has been altered to falsely depict another person, and making penalties applicable. | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| A bill for an act relating to sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act, and making penalties applicable. | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Kansas | An Act concerning crimes and punishments; relating to sexual exploitation of a child, unlawful transmission of visual depictions of a child, and breach of privacy; modifying definitions to include artificial intelligence-generated or altered images; providing for criminal penalties. | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| An Act concerning crimes, punishment and criminal procedure; modifying elements in the crimes of sexual exploitation of a child, unlawful transmission of a visual depiction of a child and breach of privacy; prohibiting certain acts related to visual depictions in which the person depicted is indistinguishable from a real child, morphed from a real child's image or generated without any actual child involvement; providing an exception for cable services in the crime of breach of privacy; prohibiting dissemination of certain items that appear to depict or purport to depict an identifiable person; relating to affidavits or sworn testimony in support of probable cause; requiring such information to be made available to law enforcement; relating to search and seizure; requiring the statement of facts sufficient to show probable cause justifying a search warrant to be made by a law enforcement officer; relating to release prior to trial; requiring that certain prior convictions be considered when bond is being set for certain sex offenses; specifying minimum requirements and conditions for such bond; relating to appearance bonds; requiring warrants for failure to appear to be given to sureties; allowing bond forfeiture to be set aside in certain circumstances if a surety can show that the defendant was deported from the United States; requiring remission in certain circumstances; prohibiting a compensated surety from making a loan for certain portions of the minimum appearance bond premium required; amending K.S.A. 21-5510, 21-5611, 22-2302, 22-2502, 22-2802, 22-2803 and 22-2807 and K.S.A. 2024 Supp. 21-6101 and 22-2809b and repealing the existing sections. | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Kentucky | Kentucky SB 4 — AI Governance Framework and Election Integrity Act | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Louisiana | AN ACT To amend and reenact R.S. 18:1463.1(D) and (E) and R.S. 42:1132(D) and to enact R.S. 18:1463.1(F), (G), and (H), relative to required disclosures in telephone campaign communications; to provide for disclosures related to the use of artificial intelligence; to provide for the administration and enforcement of the regulation of telephone campaign communications by the Board of Ethics; and to provide for related matters. | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| An Act To amend and reenact R.S. 18:1463(A), (F), and (G), 1483(7)(a)(iii), (b)(ii), and (c)(ii), (8), (11)(a) and (d)(ii), and 1501.1(A)(1), to enact R.S. 18:1463(H) and (I) and 1483(33), and to repeal R.S. 18:1463(C)(5), 1491.7(B)(22), and 1495.5(B)(21), relative to political campaigns; to provide for required disclosures in political materials and communications; to provide for disclosures related to the use of artificial intelligence to create the image or likeness of a candidate; to provide for criminal penalties; to provide for campaign finance reporting requirements of persons other than candidates and committees; to provide relative to contributions and expenditures related to electioneering communications; to provide relative to coordinated expenditures; to provide for definitions; to provide for effectiveness; and to provide for related matters. | Bill | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Provides relative to unlawful conduct involving images of another person created by artificial intelligence | Bill | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Requires a healthcare professional to disclose to a patient the use of a recording device, software, or service to transcribe using artificial intelligence during an appointment or treatment. | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| Maine | An Act to Regulate the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Providing Certain Mental Health Services | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| An Act to Ensure Transparency in Consumer Transactions Involving Artificial Intelligence | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Maryland | Emergency Room Services and Post-Acute Care - Coverage and Facility Studies | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Food Retailers and Third-Party Delivery Service Providers - Dynamic Pricing and Personal Data (Protection From Predatory Pricing Act) | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Health Insurance – Utilization Review – Use of Artificial Intelligence | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Maryland HB 956 — Workgroup on Artificial Intelligence Implementation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Maryland Facial Recognition in Employment Interviews Law | Act | In Force | 2020 |
| Massachusetts | Massachusetts H.5100 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| City of Boston Interim Guidelines for Using Generative AI | Guideline | In Force | 2023 |
| Michigan | Michigan HB 4047-4048 - Non-Consensual Intimate Deepfakes | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Distribution of materially deceptive media; prohibition; violation; misdemeanor; penalties; injunctive relief; definitions (Michigan Election Law §168.932f) — Public Act 265 of 2023 (HB 5144) | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Michigan House Bills 5141-5145 - Regulation of Deepfakes and AI in Election Campaigns | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Michigan Public Acts 263-266 of 2023 - AI in Political Advertising | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Minnesota | Minnesota HF 4772 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force (Amended) | 2024 |
| Minnesota HF 1370 - Deepfake Criminal and Civil Liability (Minn. Stat. § 609.771) | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Mississippi | AN ACT TO DEFINE THE TERM "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE"; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Mississippi SB 2577 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Walker Montgomery Protecting Children Online Act | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Missouri | Modifies several provisions relating to health care | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| AI Non-Sentience and Responsibility Act | Bill | Withdrawn | 2025 |
| Creates new provisions relating to the use of artificial intelligence in elections | Bill | Stalled | 2025 |
| Montana | Montana SB 212 - Right to Compute Act | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Montana SB 25 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Nebraska | Adopt the Agricultural Data Privacy Act and the Conversational Artificial Intelligence Safety Act | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Adopt the Ensuring Transparency in Prior Authorization Act and provide for insurance and medicaid coverage of biomarker testing | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Nevada | Nevada AB 73 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Assembly Bill 406 | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| New Hampshire | AN ACT criminalizing and creating a private right of action for the facilitation, encouragement, offer, solicitation, or recommendation of certain acts or actions through a responsive generative communication to a child. | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| New Hampshire HB 1596 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Relative to prohibiting certain uses of deepfakes and creating a private claim of action | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| New Jersey | New Jersey Age-Appropriate Design Code | Act | Adopted | 2026 |
| Guidance on Algorithmic Discrimination and the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination | Guideline | In Force | 2025 |
| An Act concerning the development of artificial intelligence innovations, ventures, and facilities, and amending and supplementing P.L.2020, c.156. | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| New Mexico | New Mexico HB 182 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| New York | An act to amend the general business law, in relation to prohibiting the manufacture and sale of chatbot toys; and providing for the repeal of such provisions upon the expiration thereof | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| An act to amend the general business law, in relation to requiring synthetic content creations system providers to include provenance data on synthetic content produced or modified by a synthetic content creations system that the synthetic content creations system provider makes available | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| An Act to amend the general business law, in relation to transparency and safety requirements for developers of artificial intelligence frontier models | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| An act to amend the general business law, in relation to transparency and safety requirements for developers of artificial intelligence frontier models; to amend a chapter of the laws of 2025 amending the general business law relating to the training and use of artificial intelligence frontier models, as proposed in legislative bills numbers S. 6953-B and A. 6453-B, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; and to repeal certain provisions of the general business law, relating thereto | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| An act to amend the civil rights law and the executive law, in relation to the use of artificial intelligence systems | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| Responsible AI Safety & Education Act | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2025 |
| An act to amend the election law, in relation to prohibiting the creation and dissemination of synthetic media with intent to unduly influence the outcome of an election (S.8400-A) | Bill | Under Review | 2024 |
| New York FY2025 Budget - Deepfakes Provisions (Election Law Amendment) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| NYC Local Law 28 — AI Tenant Screening Restrictions | Regulation | Proposed | 2023 |
| New York City Local Law 144 - Automated Employment Decision Tools | Regulation | In Force | 2021 |
| New York Senate Bill S5959 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2020 |
| North Carolina | Executive Order No. 24: Advancing Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence That Benefits All North Carolinians | Decree | In Force | 2025 |
| North Carolina S747 - Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy and AI Learning Laboratory Program | Bill | Proposed | 2025 |
| North Carolina State Government Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence Framework | Policy | In Force | 2024 |
| North Dakota | North Dakota HB 1167 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Ohio | Make state operating appropriations for FY 2026-27 (Ohio House Bill 96) | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Ohio HB 469 - Declare artificial intelligence systems nonsentient and prohibit legal personhood | Bill | Proposed | 2025 |
| To enact section 9.89 of the Revised Code to limit further regulation of certain computational systems, require risk management policies for AI-controlled critical infrastructure, and to name this act the Ohio Right to Compute Act. | Bill | Proposed | 2025 |
| Ohio SB 217 - AI-generated products watermark requirements and identity fraud | Bill | Under Review | 2024 |
| Oklahoma | An Act relating to crimes and punishments; amending 21 O.S. 2021, Section 1040.13b, as amended by Section 1, Chapter 214, O.S.L. 2024 (21 O.S. Supp. 2024, Section 1040.13b), which relates to the Oklahoma Law on Obscenity and Child Sexual Abuse Material; defining terms; making certain acts unlawful; and providing an effective date. | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Crimes and punishments; Oklahoma Law on Obscenity and Child Pornography; scope of certain unlawful act; definitions; effective date. | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Oregon | Relating to artificial intelligence companions. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Oregon House Bill 4153 - Task Force on Artificial Intelligence | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Oregon SB 1571 - Synthetic Media in Elections | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Relating to the use of artificial intelligence in campaign communications; creating new provisions; amending ORS 260.345; and declaring an emergency. (Oregon Senate Bill 1571) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania SB 649 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico Government AI Act (Senate Bill 68) | Bill | Proposed | 2025 |
| Rhode Island | RELATING TO ELECTIONS -- DECEPTIVE AND FRAUDULENT SYNTHETIC MEDIA IN ELECTION COMMUNICATIONS | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Rhode Island HB 5872 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| South Carolina | South Carolina HB 3517 Deceptive and Fraudulent Deepfake Media in Elections | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| South Dakota | South Dakota HB 1074 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| South Dakota SB 164 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Tennessee | AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 1, relative to certain conditions of personhood. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 2, Chapter 19, relative to the Transparency for Deepfakes in Political Advertising Act. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 33; Title 47 and Title 63, relative to mental health. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 33; Title 47 and Title 63, relative to mental health. | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29; Title 33; Title 39 and Title 47, relative to artificial intelligence. | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| Tennessee ELVIS Act - Ensuring Likeness Voice and Image Security | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Texas | Texas HB 149 — Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (TRAIGA) | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Relating to the unlawful production or distribution of sexually explicit videos using deep fake technology; creating a criminal offense. | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Texas HB 2060 - Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| Texas SB 751 - Deepfakes in Elections | Act | In Force | 2019 |
| Utah | Artificial Intelligence Modifications | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Child Sexual Abuse Material Amendments | Bill | In Force | 2026 |
| Classroom Technology Amendments | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| H.B. 218 Digital Skills Amendments | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Health Insurance Preauthorization Amendments | Bill | In Force | 2026 |
| Identity Protection Modifications | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy Amendments | Act | Proposed | 2026 |
| S.B. 267 Software in Education Amendments | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| H.B. 452 Artificial Intelligence Amendments | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| Utah SB 226 - Artificial Intelligence Consumer Protection Amendments | Act | In Force | 2025 |
| S.B. 131 Information Technology Act Amendments | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Utah SB 149 — Artificial Intelligence Policy Act | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Vermont | An Act Relating to Neurological Rights and the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Health and Human Services | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| An act relating to regulating the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of mental health services | Bill | Adopted | 2026 |
| An act relating to creating oversight and liability standards for developers and deployers of inherently dangerous artificial intelligence systems | Bill | Proposed | 2024 |
| Vermont DFR Bulletin No. 229 — The Use of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Insurance | Guideline | In Force | 2024 |
| Virginia | Artificial Intelligence Chatbots and Minors Act established; enforcement; civil penalties; individual action. | Bill | Under Review | 2026 |
| Virginia Commission on Artificial Intelligence (established by SB 487, 2024 Session) | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| HB 2154 Hospitals, nursing homes, etc.; regulations, patient access to intelligent personal assistant. | Act | In Force | 2021 |
| Washington | AN ACT Relating to informing users when content is developed or modified by artificial intelligence; and adding a new chapter to Title 19 RCW. | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Concerning personality rights. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Concerning sexually explicit depictions of minors | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Making improvements to transparency and accountability in the prior authorization determination process. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| Regulating artificial intelligence companion chatbots | Act | Awaiting Entry | 2026 |
| Regulating artificial intelligence companion chatbots | Bill | Under Review | 2025 |
| Seattle Responsible AI Policy | Policy | In Force | 2025 |
| Concerning algorithmic discrimination | Bill | In Force | 2024 |
| Washington SB 5152 - Deepfakes Regulation | Act | In Force | 2023 |
| West Virginia | West Virginia HB 5690 - AI Task Force | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Wisconsin | Wisconsin Act 123 (formerly AB 664) - Deepfakes Regulation in Political Advertisements | Act | In Force | 2024 |
| Wyoming | AN ACT relating to crimes and offenses; specifying that using artificial intelligence to commit a criminal offense shall not be a defense to the offense; establishing criminal offenses concerning the use of synthetic sexual material or artificial intelligence against children; establishing criminal offenses concerning the use of artificial intelligence to promote self-harm or to censor political speech; providing immunity for developers of artificial intelligence systems as specified; specifying penalties; providing and amending definitions; providing causes of action; and providing for an effective date. | Act | In Force | 2026 |
| AN ACT relating to crimes and offenses; creating an offense for the nonconsensual dissemination of an intimate image; specifying elements and penalties of the offense; providing definitions; providing exemptions; and providing for an effective date. | Act | In Force | 2021 |